पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
NON-GREGARIOUS ADULTS AND HOPPERS
ISOLATED (FEW)
- Very few present and no mutual reaction occurring.
- 0-1 adult/400 m foot transect (or less than 25/ha.).
SCATTERED (SOME, LOW NUMBERS)
- enough present for mutual reaction to be possible but no ground or basking groups seen:
- 1-20 adults/400 m foot transect (or 25-500/ha).
GROUP
- Forming ground and basking groups;
- 20+ adults/400 m foot transect (or 500+/ha).
ADULT SWARM AND HOPPER BAND SIZES
VERY SMALL
- swarm: less than 1km2 * band: 1-25 m2
SMALL
- swarm: 1-10 km2 * band: 25-2,500 m2
MEDIUM
- swarm: 10-100 km2 * band: 2,500 m2-10 ha
LARGE
- swarm: 100-500 km2 * band: 10-50 ha
VERY LARGE
- swarm: 500+ km2 * band: 50+ ha
RAINFALL
LIGHT
MODERATE
HEAVY
- more than 50 mm of rainfall.
OTHER REPORTING TERMS
BREEDING
- the process of reproduction from copulation to fledging.
SUMMER RAINS AND BREEDING
WINTER RAINS AND BREEDING
- October - January/February
SPRING RAINS AND BREEDING
DECLINE
- a period characterized by breeding failure and/or successful control leading to the dissociation of swarming populations and the onset of recessions: can be regional or major.
OUTBREAK
- a marked increase in locust numbers due to concentration, multiplication and gregarisation which, unless checked, can lead to the formation of hopper bands and swarms.
UPSURGE
- a period following a recessions marked initially by a very large increase in locust numbers and contemporaneous outbreaks followed by the production of two or more successive seasons of transient-to-gregarious breeding in complimentary seasonal breeding areas in the same or neighboring Desert Locust regions.
PLAGUE
- a period of one or more years of widespread and heavy infestations, the majority of which occur as band or swarms. A major plague exists when two or more regions are affected simultaneously.
RECESSION
- period without widespread and heavy infestations by swarms.
REMISSION
- Period of deep recession marked by the complete absence of gregarious populations.
WARNING LEVELS:
GREEN
- Calm: No threat to crops. Maintain regular surveys and monitoring.
YELLOW
- Caution: Potential threat to crops. Increased vigilance is required: control operations may be needed.
ORANGE
- Threat: Threat to crops. Survey and control operations must be undertaken.
RED
- Danger: Significant threat to crops. Intensive survey and control operations must be undertaken.
REGIONS OF LOCUST AFFECTED COUNTRIES
WESTERN
- Locust-affected countries in West and North-West Africa: Algeria, Chad, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Senegal, and Tunisia; during plagues only: Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Gambia, Guinea and Guinea-Bissau.
CENTRAL
- Locust-affected countries along the Red Sea; Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Yemen: during plagues only: Bahrain , Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Qatar, Syria, Tanzania, Turkey, UAE and Uganda.
EASTERN
- Locust-affected countries in South-West Asia: Afghanistan, India, Iran and Pakistan.
