In India, there is a comprehensive legislation known as Insecticides Act, 1968 which regulates the import, manufacture, sale, transport, distribution and use of insecticides with a view to prevent risk to human beings or animals and the matters connected therewith. By virtue of Section 16 of Insecticide Act, 1968, Central Government has established Central Insecticides Laboratory (CIL) on 28th February, 1981 by Gazette Notification.
The Central Insecticides Laboratory consists of four Divisions as mentioned below:
- Chemistry Division
- Bioassay Division
- Medical Toxicology Division
- Packaging & Processing Division
Functions of CIL:
The functions of the Laboratory as envisaged under Rule 5 of Insecticides Rules 1971 are as follows:-
- To analyze such samples of insecticides sent to it under the Act by any officer or authority and submission of certificates of analysis to the concerned authority.
- To carry out such investigations as may be necessary for the purpose of ensuring the conditions of Registration of Insecticides.
- To determine the efficacy and toxicity of insecticides;
- To carry out such other functions as may be entrusted to it by the Central Government or by a State Government with the permission of the Central Government & after consultation with the Central Insecticides Board.
Activities of CIL:
- To verify Quality of samples of Insecticides, submitted by any Officer or Authority Authorized by the Central or State Government.
- To investigate Insecticides with a view to verify conditions of registration.
- To determine efficacy and Toxicity of Insecticides; and
- Any other function as may be entrusted by the Central Government or by a State Government with the permission of the Government and after consultation with the Central Insecticides Board.
Central Insecticides Laboratory (Chemistry Division)
| Sl. No. | State/UTs | Number of Laboratories | Location | Target/Capacity of analysis per annum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All States/UTs | 1 | Faridabad | 1600 |
Division-wise Details of Activities & Achievements:
CHEMISTRY DIVISION
OBJECTIVE:
- To discharge the techno-legal duties as specified under Rule 5 of Insecticides Rules, 1971.
ACTIVITIES:
- To analyze samples of pesticides sent to it under the Act by any officer or authority authorized by the Central or State Governments and submission of certificate of analysis to the concerned authority;
- To carry out such investigations as may be necessary for the purpose of ensuring the conditions of Registration of insecticides;
- To validate methods of analysis for newly introduced pesticides for their adoptability.
- To facilitate formulation of Indian Standards on pesticides.
NABL Accreditation:
The Chemistry Division of Central Insecticides Laboratory has already received the Certificate of Accreditation by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories(NABL) for Chemical & Biological Testing upto 12.11.2024.
ACHIEVEMENT:
Targets on analysis capacities of labs. have been fixed. Accordingly, the statistics on quality control of pesticides at State Pesticides Testing Laboratories (SPTLs), Central Insecticides Laboratory (CIL) and action taken by the States is given in following table respectively.
PESTICIDE TESTING LABORATORIES IN STATE/UTs
| Sl. No. | State/UTs | Number of Laboratories | Location | Target/Capacity of analysis per annum |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Andhra Pradesh | 5 | Guntur, Anantapur, Tadepalligudem,, Vishakhapatnam and Kurnool | 5270 |
| 2. | Arunachal Pradesh | 1 | Naharlagun | -- |
| 3. | Assam | 1 | Guwahati | 200 |
| 4. | Bihar | 1 | Patna | 920 |
| 5. | Chhattisgarh | 1 | Raipur | 500 |
| 6. | Gujarat | 2 | Junagarh & Gandhinagar | 2000 |
| 7. | Haryana | 4 | Karnal, Sirsa, Rohtak & Panchkula | 3300 |
| 8. | Himachal Pradesh | 1 | Shimla | 500 |
| 9. | Jammu & Kashmir | 2 | Srinagar & Jammu | 1100 |
| 10. | Jharkhand | 1 | Ranchi | 500 |
| 11. | Karnataka | 6 | Bangalore, Bellary, Dharwad, Shimoga, Kotnoor & Mandya | 6800 |
| 12. | Kerala | 1 | Trivendrum | 2500 |
| 13. | Madhya Pradesh | 1 | Jabalpur | 1500 |
| 14. | Maharashtra | 4 | Pune, Amaravathi, Thane & Aurangabad | 8000 |
| 15. | Manipur | 1 | Mantripukhri | 30 |
| 16. | Mizoram | 1 | Neihbawih | 20 |
| 17. | Odisha | 1 | Bhubaneshwar | 1250 |
| 18. | Puducherry | 1 | Puducherry | 500 |
| 19. | Punjab | 3 | Amritsar, Ludhiana & Bhatinda | 4500 |
| 20. | Rajasthan | 7 | Jaipur, Bikaner, Udaipur, Kota, Jodhpur, Sriganganagar & Bharatpur | 3700 |
| 21. | Tamil Nadu | 15 | Coimbatore, Kovilpatti, Erode, Madurai, Trichy, Aduthrai, Salem, Cuddalore & Kanchipuram, Theni, Nagapattinam, Dharmpuri, Vellore, Sivaganga, Tirunelveli | 21850 |
| 22. | Telangana | 2 | Rajendra Nagar and Warangal | 3900 |
| 23. | Tripura | 1 | Agartala | 150 |
| 24. | Uttarakhand | 2 | Rudrapur, Srinagar (Pauri Garhwal) | 400 |
| 25. | Uttar Pradesh | 4 | Meerut, Lucknow (2 ) & Varanasi | 7000 |
| 26. | West Bengal | 1 | Midnapore | 650 |
| 27. | Nagaland | 1 | Medziphema, Dimapur | -- |
| TOTAL | 71 | 77040 | ||
| B. Regional Pesticide Testing Laboratories | ||||
| 1. | All States/UTs | 2 | 1. Kanpur | 1550 |
| 2. Chandigarh | 1550 | |||
| C. Central Insecticides Laboratory (Chemistry Division) | ||||
| 1. | All States/UTs | 1 | Faridabad | 1600 |
QUALITY CONTROL STATISTICS OF SAMPLES ANALYSED AT CHEMISTRY DIVISION, CENTRAL INSECTICIDES LABORATORY (CIL), FARIDABAD DURING LAST FIVE YEARS (2019-20 to 2023-24 {upto Feb,2024}):-
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CAPACITY & ACHIEVEMENTS :
The annual capacity of the division is to analyse 1600 samples. The number of samples analysed in the division till 2023-24 is as follows:
| Year | Annual Capacity | Achievements (in terms of No. of samples analysed) |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-15 | 1600 | 1049 |
| 2015-16 | 1600 | 1072 |
| 2016-17 | 1600 | 1063 |
| 2017-18 | 1600 | 1221 |
| 2018-19 | 1600 | 1751 |
| 2019-20 | 1600 | 904 |
| 2020-21 | 1600 | 1197 |
| 2021-22 | 1600 | 1382 |
| 2022-23 | 1600 | 1394 |
| 2023-24 | 1600 | 1571 |
BIOASSAY DIVISION
Activities:
To discharge the techno-legal requirement as specified under Rule 5(d) of Insecticides Rule 1971.
- Evaluation of pesticides for Bioeffectiveness and Phytotoxicity
- Development of bioassay techniques for quality control.
- Evaluation of bio-pesticides on quality control parameters.
- Preparation of information/material and training of scientists / analysts.
Targets & Achievements:
The Bioassay Division evaluated the samples for Bio-effectiveness and phytotoxicity and for quality control parameters for Pre-Registration verification (PRV) which are presented below:-
| Year | Annual Capacity | Achievement (in terms of Nos. of samples analysed) |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-14 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 64 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 107 | |
| 2014-15 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 75 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 128 | |
| 2015-16 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 71 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 132 | |
| 2016-17 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 63 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 75 | |
| 2017-18 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 61 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 135 | |
| 2018-19 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 36 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 120 | |
| 2019-20 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 36 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 222 | |
| 2020-21 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 | Chemical Pesticides - 19 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 140 | |
| 2021-22 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 Referral/Investigation - Not Fixed |
Chemical Pesticides - 43 Biopesticide - 87 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 413 | |
| 2022-23 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 Referral/Investigation - Not Fixed |
Chemical Pesticides - 46 Biopesticide - 44 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 367 | |
| 2023-24 | Chemical Pesticides - 60 Referral/Investigation - Not Fixed |
Chemical Pesticides - 50 Biopesticide - 41 |
| Bio-pesticides - Not Fixed | Bio-pesticides - 293 |
Detailed parameters tested for PRV samples at Bioassay Division
| S.No. | Name of the Biopesticides | Parameters tested |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Trichoderma viride & T. harzianum |
CFU( Colony Forming Units) Counts Antagonistic capability |
| pH | ||
| Suspensibility | ||
| Pathogenic contaminants | ||
| 2. | Nuclear Polyhydrous Virus(NPV) | POB count |
| LC50 on target insects for Potency | ||
| Pathogenic contaminants | ||
| pH | ||
| Moisture content | ||
| Suspensibility | ||
| 3. | Pseudomonas fluorescens | Viable cell count |
| Antagonistic capability | ||
| Moisture content | ||
| Pathogenic contaminants | ||
| Suspensibility | ||
| pH | ||
| 4. | Beauveria bassiana | CFU’s count, |
| pH, | ||
| Moisture contents, | ||
| suspensebility, Lc 50, | ||
| Human Pathogenic contaminants | ||
| 5. | Metarhizium anisopliae | -do- |
| 6. | Verticillium lecanii | -do- |
| 7. | Paecilomyces lilacinus | CFU’s count, |
| pH, | ||
| Moisture contents, | ||
| suspensebility, | ||
| Antagonestic capacity, | ||
| Human Pathogenic contaminants | ||
NABL Accreditation of CIL:
The Central Insecticides Laboratory has obtained the renewal Certificate of Accreditation by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories(NABL) ISO/IEC 17025:2017 in the field of Biological and Chemical testing with the validity permission up to 12.11.2024.
Pesticides Testing facilities
The Division is maintaining cultures of filed crop pests, pests of public health importance, stored grain pests, plant pathogenic fungi and seeds of weed species for tests and trial purposes.
Pesticides testing methods
Standard laboratory and field testing methods are being employed for testing bio-efficacy of chemical pesticides and bio-pesticides such as poisoned medium method, poison bait method, using dusting apparatus for stomach poisons, dry films of stomach poisons on plants, residual films method, peet grady method, potters tower method and field application of pesticides and subsequent observations.
MEDICAL TOXICOLOGY DIVISION
OBJECTIVES & ACTIVITIES
- Acute, Oral/Dermal LD 50 study.
- Toxicity/Safety evaluation of pesticides before and after introduction.
- Toxico-vigilance activities regarding pesticides.
- Training on safe and judicious use of pesticides to Farmers in FFS.
- Preparation of technical material on pesticide toxicity.
TARGET & ACHIEVEMENTS
Acute Oral Toxicity Study (LD50):
| Year | Annual Capacity | Achievements (in terms of No. of samples analysed) |
|---|---|---|
| 2010-11 | 20 | 20 |
| 2011-12 | 20 | 20 |
| 2012-13 | 20 | 20 |
| 2013-14 | 20 | 20 |
| 2014-15 | 20 | 20 |
| 2015-16 | 20 | 20 |
| 2016-17 | 20 | 20 |
| 2017-18 | 20 | 20 |
| 2018-19 | 20 | 20 |
| 2019-20 | 20 | 20 |
| 2020-21 | 20 | 06 |
| 2021-22 | 20 | 06 |
| 2022-23 | 20 | 20 |
| 2023-24 | 20 | 04 |
ACHIEVEMENTS
Training imparted to about more than 300 Farmers of various villages of Haryana state covered in FFS on “Safe and Judicious use of Pesticide” during last 6 years.
PACKAGING AND PROCESSING DIVISION
Packaging division started functioning in 1977 to perform the duties assigned to the Division. The existing target of the Division is to analyze 150 samples per annum. The brief information to the Division is as under :
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES:
Packaging division is one the four Divisions of Central Insecticides Laboratory, significant activities of the Division are as under:
- Pre and post registration verification of packing and labeling claims/requirements made by the manufacturers/registrants
- Verification/analysis of the packaging and labeling samples received under Section 5(C) of the Insecticides Rules, 1971 in the context of conditions laid down on the certificate of registration issued under Insecticides Act, 1968.
- R&D-Development /verification of New/Alternate safety and economic packaging devices/systems by conducting laboratory tests and field trials.
- Technical auditing of physic-chemical analysis of pesticides samples under Internal Technical Auditing Scheme of CIL.
- Technical guidance to the Bureau of Indian Standards, in formulating, updating and amending the standards of pesticides quality control, safety storage, transportation and use. Imparting training to the enforcement functionaries of States/UTs on various aspects of pesticides relating to packaging, labeling and other requirements.
TARGET & ACHIEVEMENTS:
The annual capacity of the Division is to analyze 150 samples. The number of samples analyzed in the Division till 2023-24 is as follows:
| S.No. | Year/period | Annual Capacity | Achievements (in terms of No. of samples analysed) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2007-08 | 150 | 139 |
| 2 | 2008-09 | 150 | 78 |
| 3 | 2009-10 | 150 | 94 |
| 4 | 2010-11 | 150 | 52 |
| 5 | 2011-12 | 150 | 68 |
| 6 | 2012-13 | 150 | 70 |
| 7 | 2013-14 | 150 | 57 |
| 8 | 2014-15 | 150 | 34 |
| 9 | 2015-16 | 150 | 35 |
| 10 | 2016-17 | 150 | 65 |
| 11 | 2017-18 | 150 | 54 |
| 12 | 2018-19 | 150 | 52 |
| 13 | 2019-20 | 150 | 33 |
| 14 | 2020-21 | 150 | 24 |
| 15 | 2021-22 | 150 | 61 |
| 16 | 2022-23 | 150 | 13 |
| 16 | 2023-24 | 150 | 35 |