•     CENTRAL INSECTICIDES LABORATORY
  
           FUNCTION
           ACTIVITIES
           DIVISION WISE DETAIL OF ACTIVITIES & ACHIEVEMENTS
   
•     STATE PESTICIDE TESTING LABORATORIES
  
            LABORATORIES
            STRENGTHENING/SETTING UP
   

CENTRAL INSECTICIDES LABORATORY (C.I.L.)

The Central Insecticides Laboratory was set up under  Section 16 of the Insecticides Act, 1968 with the major   objectives of  pre and post registration verification of the properties performance and hazards of pesticides and the proposed use claimed by the Toxicology manufacturers. It has four Divisions namely   Bioassay Division, Chemistry Division, Division Medical and Packaging and Processing Division.

Functions of CIL:

   The functions of the Laboratory as envisaged under Rule 5 of Insecticides Rules 1971 are as follows:-

• To analyze such samples of insecticides sent to it under the Act by any officer or authority and submission of    certificates of analysis to the concerned authority.

• To carry out such investigations as may be necessary for the purpose of ensuring the conditions of Registration of  Insecticides.

• To determine the efficacy and toxicity of insecticides;

To carry out such other functions as may be entrusted to it by the Central Government or by a  State Government with the permission of the Central Government & after consultation with the Central Insecticides Board.

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Activities of CIL

   1.  To verify Quality of samples of Insecticides, submitted by any Officer or Authority Authorized by the Central or 

        State Government.

   2.  To investigate Insecticides with a view to verify conditions of registration.

    3.  To determine efficacy and Toxicity of Insecticides; and

   4.  Any other function as may be entrusted by the Central Government or by a State Government with the permission

        of the Government and after consultation with the Central Insecticides Board.

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• CHEMISTRY DIVISION

• BIOASSAY DIVISION

• MEDICAL  TOXICOLOGY  DIVISION

• PACKAGING AND PROCESSING DIVISION

• To discharge the techno-legal requirements as specified under Rule 5 of Insecticides  Rules, 1971, the major objectives of the Chemistry Division are:

• To analyze such samples of insecticides sent to it under the Act by any officer or authority authorized by the Central or State Governments and submission of certificate of analysis to the concerned authority.

• To carry out such investigations as may be necessary for the purpose of ensuring the conditions of Registration of insecticides.

     (Upto June)

 The programme for testing the technical / formulated pesticides to be registered under section 9(3), 9(3B) & 9(4) for ensuring quality standards has been taken up by this Division as pre-registration verification.  63 samples have been analyzed during the year 2006-07 (upto-March,2007) for pre-registration verification.    

ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES/HIGHLIGHTS:

The Division has been performing additional activities as under

• Formulation of BIS Standard and Technical comments on printed and drafted Indian   Standards specification

• Technical Guidance to State Pesticides Testing Laboratories

• Attending the Courts

The Officers and analysts of the Division are attending the Court of various States as and when required.

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  A.  Evaluation of pesticides for:

              i) Bioeffectiveness          

              ii) Phytotoxicit

   B.  Development of bioassay techniques for quality control.

   C.  Evaluation of bio-pesticides on quality control parameters.

   D.  Preparation of information/material and training of scientists / analysts.

Year	Capacity	Achievements
2002-03	60	86
2003-04	60	116
2004-05	60	109
2005-06	60	114
2006-07	60	143
2007-08	60	34

                 (Upto July)

During the period from April, 06 to March,07 the Bioassay Division evaluated 143 samples of pesticides i.e. 26 insecticides, 64 bio-pesticides, 19 herbicides, 18 fungicides and 16 household insecticides for bioefficacy and phytotoxicity under laboratory and field conditions against 5  insects,  5 fungi and 16 weeds on 10 crops.

The Division also strengthened the facilities for testing biopesticides.  As a result, 64 samples of biopesticides which includes Bacillus thuringiensis, Trichoderma spp., NPV, Pseudomonas fluorescens,Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Verticillium lecanii,Paecilomyces lilacinus were tested for pre-registration verification of manufacturer,s claims for quality parameters.  These biopesticides were evaluated in the laboratory on the following parameters.

   

S.No.	Name of the Biopesticides	Parameters tested
1.	Trichoderma viride & T. harzianum	CFU( Colony Forming Units) Counts Antagonistic capability
		pH
		Suspensibility
		Pathogenic contaminants
2.	Nuclear Polyhydrous Virus(NPV)	POB count
		LC50 on target insects for Potency
		Pathogenic contaminants
		pH
		Moisture content
		Suspensibility
3.	Pseudomonas	Viable cell count
	fluorescens	Antagonistic capability
		Moisture content
		Pathogenic contaminants
		Suspensibility
		pH
4.	Beauveria bassian	CFU’s count,
		pH,
		Moisture contents,
		suspensebility, Lc 50,
		Human Pathogenic contaminants
5.	Metarhizium anisopliae	-do-
6.	Verticillium lecanic	-do-
7.	Paecilomyces lilacinus	CFU’s count,
		pH,
		Moisture contents,
		suspensebility,
		Antagonestic capacity,
		Human Pathogenic contaminants

Standard  laboratory and field testing methods are being employed for testing bio-efficacy of  chemical pesticides and bio-pesticides  such as poisoned medium method, poison bait method, using dusting apparatus for stomach poisons, dry films of stomach poisons on  plants, residual films method, peet grady method, potters tower method  and field  application of pesticides and subsequent observations on mortality/reduction in pests population and their effects on yield etc.                    
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    1. Toxicity/Safety evaluation of pesticides before and after introduction.

    2. Toxico-vigilance activities regarding pesticides.

    3. Epidemiological study on pesticide poisoning and related  health effects.

    4.  Training of safe use of pesticides for users and on diagnosis, management and treatment of pesticide  

        poisoning for medicos and para-medicos.                                      

    5. Preparation of technical material on pesticide toxicity.

1. Acute, Oral/Dermal LD 50 study.

2. Standardization for estimation of cholinesterase in rat and human serum.

3. Sub-acute/ sub-chronic oral  toxicity study.

4. Chronic toxicity study in mammals.

5. Health monitoring study/survey on pesticide toxicity .

6. Impart training to Medical Doctors on diagnosis, management and   treatment of pesticide

   poisoning in the areas having high incidence of pesticide   poisoning.

ACHIEVEMENTS

Acute Oral Toxicity Study (LD50):

          Year                 Target         Achievements 

      2002-03                   20                      21   

       2003-04                   20                      20     

       2004-05                   20                      21                                           

       2005-06                   20                      20                                            

       2006-07                   20                      20

       2007-08                   20                      07

          (Upto July)      

• Acute Oral toxicity studies

• As per   CPCSEA  norms  for LD 50  studies the  alternative  techniques (423 and  425) (1 study for each    technique + 1 in progress)for acute oral toxicity study based on OECD guidelines is being conducted.

• Initiation for conducting short term toxicity study (i.e. Mutagenicity study) is in progress.

• Standardization for Hematological parameters for project entitled “Sub-chronic effects of Permethrin, Malathion and Propoxur in Experimental Animal (Albino Rats)”.

• Delivered a lecture on “Safety status : a concern in organophosphorous/Carbamate  poisoning” as Invited Speaker in April, 2007.

• Training imparted to Medical Doctors on diagnosis, management and treatment of Pesticide poisoning in Sonepat  in May,2007.

• Health survey  on information regarding  pesticide poisoning cases registered in different hospitals is going on. 

Dose Range Finding Study (DRFS) – Method

              Animal          Albino Rats 

                 Age             5-8 weeks

                 Sex             2 Males, 2 Females/Dose

  

        Animal              Albino Rats

        Age                   5-8 weeks

        Sex                   5 Males, 5 Females/Dose

1)  Animal should be fasted overnight.

2)  Animals are kept in air-conditioned (climatized) quarters with regular lighting conditions.

3)  Minimum 4 doses of Pesticides are used. 

4)  Observation is made for onset duration, type of symptoms and death.

    5)  Whenever vehicles other than water are used, a vehicle control is included using the maximum volume and concentration of  vehicle used in the test.

6)  If feasible, a constant volume preferred.

    7) The animals are observed for the onset of toxic symptoms for a minimum period of 15 days or 48 hours of last death, whichever is greater.  If the deaths occur in the first 24 hours then the total period of observation is limited to 7 days.

    8) Determination of LD 50 is done by Lichfield and Wilcoxan 1949 method.

PRECAUTION AND SAFETY MEASURES

Protective Clothes

Safety Goggles

Apron

Face Mask                                                                                                            TOP ^               

• Pre and post registration verification of  Packaging and labeling  Parameters under Rule 5 (c ) of Insecticides Rules,1971.               

• Evaluation of shelf life of pesticides and their formulations.     

S.No.	Year/Period	Annual Capacity	Achievements (in terms of No. of samples analyzed)
1.	2002-2003	150	161
2.	2003-2004	150	251
3.	2004-2005	150	306
4.	2005-2006	150	434
5.	2006-2007	150	273
3.	2007-2008	150	24

    (up to June,2007)

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   PESTICIDE TESTING LABORATORIES IN STATE/UTs

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The States/UTs which do not have their own State Pesticides Testing Laboratories or which do not have facilities for analysis of certain pesticide get their samples analyzed at RPTLs.

In view of the above, an earmarking of the analysis capacity to such States for testing their samples in RPTLs are being done annually.  During the current year, a capacity of 2000 samples per annum (1000 samples per annum in each RPTLs) have been earmarked to various States.UTs (Annexure-I)

A consolidated statement showing the samples analyzed in RPTLs during the last five years from 2002-03 to 2006-07 may be seen at Annexure-II.

Point No. (d) 4

Status of progress of action taken by Central Insecticide Inspectors on pesticides samples

drawn  and found misbranded  during the year 2006-07

No of samples drawn by the Central Insecticide Inspectors       119

Samples found misbranded on testing                                               12 

The concerned C.I.I. has filed the case in the Hon’ble Court           4 

The concerned C.I.I. is under process of filling the case                   7

Mandatory consent not received                                                            1

                                                                          Annexure-II

STATEMENT SHOWING STATISTICS OF THE ANALYSIS OF PESTICIDES SAMPLES FOR QUALITY CONTROL IN REGIONAL PESTICIDES TESTING LABORATORIES (RPTLs) DURING THE LAST FIVE YEARS